left-handers live longer than right-handers. The men of America are struggling. )The behavior is deviant for someone whose work does not demand it. )the id c.)systematic desensitization. According to a recent survey of 1,200 people, 61%61 \%61% feel that the president is doing an acceptable job. the process of organizing and interpreting sensory information. George's experience is most directly explained by: By insisting that humans are "nothing but" products of nature and nurture, we run the greatest risk of undermining: Elliot Aronson, Robin M. Akert, Samuel R. Sommers, Timothy D. Wilson. . religious beliefs; personality traits b. b. Marla's sense of social isolation and embarrassment result from the interaction of c.)is analogous to Freud's concept of the preconscious. a. Stephen Ilardi and his colleagues have developed training seminars promoting therapeutic lifestyle change. )posttraumatic growth. a. c.)moral instinct Rats that received unpredictable electric shocks in a laboratory experiment subsequently became apprehensive when returned to that same laboratory setting. )posttraumatic stress disorder b. The chances for recovery from schizophrenia are considered to be greatest when the disorder develops: b. Babies are born with personalities that are relatively stable throughout their lives. First is evolutionary theory, which claims that behavioral tendencies, physical characteristics, and personality features that promote our chances to survive and reproduce become, by that virtue,. This best illustrates: ", Your conscious awareness of your own name and self-identity depends primarily on the normal functioning of your, A football quarterback can simultaneously make calculations of receiver distances, player movements, and gravitational forces. d.)autism, b. )evolutionary psychologists. DSM-5 provides mental health professionals with: Evolutionary psychology works backward to propose an explanation; thus, any behavior can be explained Evolutionary psychologists have suggested that women prefer monogamy and men promiscuity in ensuring the survival of their genetic material. d.)systematic desensitization. In front of an audience, he tends to play his violin even more beautifully than when he is alone. b. According to evolutionary psychologists, our predisposition to overconsume fatty junk foods illustrates that we are biologically prepared to behave in ways that promoted the ________ of our ancestors. )oral b.)altruism. Sold the Distribution Transformers bonds for $425,000. )gives rise to two personality types, the introvert and the extravert. d.)7 in 10. b. d.)I-knew-it-all-along phenomenon. )patient's unconscious attempts to block the process of revealing repressed memories and conflicts. Which of the following fictional research findings is the best evidence against the idea that "our lives are determined by our experiences"? failing to consider unconscious motivations. a. Incorrect. b. )rapidly in response to a stressful life situation. Test Prep. a. )both a common language for labeling psychological disorders and comprehensive guidelines for diagnosing them. Material from the introduction and chapters 1, 4, and 5 has been taken from the following essays by Marcus Nordlund: "Theorising Early Modern Jealousy: A Biocultural Perspective on Shake-speare's Othello," Studia Neophilologica 74, no. d.)our attitudes and actions clash. a.)self-disclosure. )Biomedical therapy b. With 1,014 Chinese singles, we found that singles preferred their ideal partner to share similarities in the HEXACO traits . \text{M\&D Corporation bonds}& \$1,460,000\\ College students were asked to pretend that they were accused murderers. Forty-six chromosomes are located within every human: Genes form templates for the production of: The human genome has about 3 billion pairs of: Evolutionary psychologists emphasize that environmentally adaptive behaviors are those that have promoted: The prevalence of genetically predisposed traits which have a reproductive advantage is best explained in terms of: If a genetic predisposition to fear darkness contributes to reproductive success, that trait will likely be passed on to subsequent generations. b. The two sisters are most strikingly different in, Exceptionally timid and cautious infants tend to become shy and unassertive adolescents. Annest is most likely to feel uncomfortable because Wang has violated her. d.)doubled rate of divorce. b. )unconscious b. home environment and school environment. )are at decreased risk for antisocial behavior. Evolutionary psychologists are most likely to be criticized for Evolutionary psychology, often known as the study of behavior, mind, and emotion, is a branch of evolutionary psychology. )panic disorder. Evolutionary psychologists are most likely to emphasize that human adaptiveness to a variety of different environments has contributed to human: genetic mutations. This compulsive overthinking is called: )30 percent. a. c.)the need to belong. Evolutionary psychologists would be most likely to attribute gender differences and attitudes towards sex to the fact that men have _____ than do women. c.)An empirically derived During a test, Abe impulsively copied several answers from a nearby student's paper. )do not increase; do not increase c.)temperament. Billy has an identical twin who was recently diagnosed with bipolar disorder. c.)3 weeks c.)psychoanalysis Nellie is a 30-year-old who has been diagnosed with schizophrenia. b. Several studies have mate value in evolutionary approaches suggest that sex partners. b. d.)psychological disorder, Mark has attempted suicide twice in the last year. This is known as the: )overestimating the consistency of behavior from one situation to another. Acquired$900,000 of American Instruments 10% bonds at face value. )obsessive-compulsive disorder. e. Cultural Consideration a. )cognitive therapy. Dr. Miller is studying the evolution of behavior and the mind using principles of natural selection. )panic disorder. )flat affect. b. c. What is the probability that AcA^cAc and B4B_4B4 occur? d.)client's expectation that psychotherapy will make things better. twenties. a. Jonah has schizophrenia. c.)free-floating anxiety. a.)deindividuation. b. )the reality principle; the pleasure principle chromosomes or genomes. b. Q. b. d.)ADHD, b. Because Gretchen is afraid of contracting infectious diseases, she compulsively avoids shaking people's hands or touching doorknobs. a. )is the source of sexual and aggressive instinctual drives. Three benefits attributed to all psychotherapies are: )cognitive dissonance theory. c.)social exchange theory b. 564 The reproductive advantage enjoyed by organisms best suitedto a particular environment is . )hindsight bias Purchased$1,400,000 of M&D Corporation 6% bonds at face value. D. gender typing. )transference a. a. )generalized anxiety disorder )patient unconsciously responding to the therapist as though the therapist were a significant person in the patient's life. c.)hope, a new perspective, and a caring relationship. Compared to 1960, today's culture has all of the following EXCEPT for a: d.)dissociation. He hears voices, has disturbed emotions, and his behavior is very bizarre and erratic. c.)being 15 to 20 percent below her ideal body weight Which brain structure relays information from the eyes to the visual cortex? Twin studies suggest that Alzheimer's disease is influenced by, Which brain structure might be most active when answering the question "What do the following words have in common: plane, butter, insect? e. The study of the relative power and limits of genetic and environmental influences on behavior is known as A) molecular genetics. )the place theory )unconscious fear. c.)social phobia ____ 53. )thematic apperception Depending on environmental conditions, specific genes can be either b. His absence of appropriate behavior is known as: )latency Her therapy is most likely: b. c.)selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs). b. amygdala a. d.)Jeremy effectively cope with antisocial personality disorder. c.)schizotypal personality disorder. c. answer choices. The question of the extent to which evolution can be directed consciously has, however, recently come to the fore of non-Marxist evolutionary theory as well, as in . )standardization; validity c.)schizophrenia. "Evolutionary psychology and its causal mechanisms," he said, "are more fundamental than other branches of psychology and their causal explanations, which mostly deal with whole human beings." To reject evolutionary psychology is to reject broader reality; an outright rejection of biological and evolved realities is occurring. c.)a smaller cerebral cortex. )persistent depressive disorder. Her judgment best illustrates: )have hindered human reproduction. b. )generalized anxiety disorder. )developmental psychology a. d.)less likely to be the same sex and less likely to be similar in extraversion. Recent brain research contradicts previously held beliefs, indicating that new neurons are actually formed in the brain. a. b. a. Due to a random error in genetic replication, a lion is born with a heightened sense of smell. Trait theorists have been criticized for b.)1:1. )the need to achieve. d.)client-centered therapy. a. d. )a smaller number of synapses. Copyright Cengage Learning. Because Marla is the first girl in her fourth-grade class to sexually mature, she is sometimes teased and rejected by her classmates. Nancy's therapist is an active listener who often paraphrases what she says. a. Victor's mother is frustrated because she cannot get Victor involved in any activities. d. )Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI) For the past three months Nathanial, a heavy smoker, has been severely depressed. Child age . parietal lobes Marla's sense of social isolation and embarrassment result from the interaction of, Molecular geneticists would be most interested in studying. )bipolar disorder. Although he has been diagnosed with schizophrenia, she still expects him to do things around the house. b. the percentage of differences in intelligence among a group of individuals that is attributable to genetics. d.)meta-analysis. )tripled rate of teen suicide. d.)social facilitation. This is the view of psychology and human behavior that emphasizes the role of the unconscious mind, different life experiences when young and old and relationships to explain the way . MRI. c.)phobia. Compared with women, men are more likely to: c. perceive simple friendliness as a sexual come-on. As Daniel de Vis, a writer for The Hill, recently noted, more than 60 percent of the country's young men are single, "nearly twice . Under hypnosis, they typically expressed a second personality when prompted to do so by the examining psychiatrist. b. a. a. e. Given that B2B_2B2 has occurred, what is the probability that AAA occurs? The main focus in evolutionary psychology is reproduction of future generations. c.)Factor analysis a. most left-handers process language primarily in their right hemisphere. What is the future value of $800 one year from today if the interest rate is 7 percent? Diane has a free-floating anxiety that leaves her tense, irritable, impairs her concentration, and leaves her with many sleepless nights. A person attacked by a fierce dog develops a fear of all dogs. Define the random variables XXX and PP^{\prime}P in words. Taro and Kiichi are fraternal twins being raised by the same parents; Helene and Victoire are identical twins being raised by the same parents. )Karen Horney; John Lennon The stability of personality during adulthood is best evaluated by: b. The movement grew in opposition to the two mainstream 20th-century trends in psychology, behaviourism and psychoanalysis. DNA; genes c.)1 in 10 c.)dissociative disorder. Research on left-handedness suggests that However, monogamous relationships can also be explained using an evolutionary perspective. d.)major depressive disorder. According to Carl Jung, the collective unconscious: (True Answer )Correct interaction. b. )obsessions )the unconscious. b. The beneficial consequence of a person's expecting that a treatment will be therapeutic is known as: You want to know whether having a nationally ranked football program means more or less money for academic programs at your university. Psychodynamic therapy has been found to be especially successful in the treatment of: d.)not attainable. d.)discouraging clients from using antianxiety or antidepressant drugs. e. A person's temperament is best illustrated by his or her characteristic level of, Lynnae is usually timid and fearful, whereas her sister Eileen is typically relaxed and fearless. The process involves encoding, storing and retrieval. An evolutionary psychologist would be likely to suggest that human preferences for sweet-tasting foods. Yet, it is based on ideas that go back at least to the 1800s. Patients receive a general anesthetic and muscle relaxant prior to treatment with: Yen is designing an experiment on obedience to authority. PET scan. b. )obsessive-compulsive disorder. This variation in an inherited trait is due to: )stimulus generalization. b. a. )automatic mimicry. a. c.)the foot-in-the-door phenomenon )Tonya, who has the positive symptoms of schizophrenia, Which of the following patients with schizophrenia is more likely to respond to medication? The Federal Accounting Standards Advisory Board has a link to all agency Performance and Accountability Reports or Agency Financial Reports. d.)the placebo effect. Sep. 1. c.)mild depression. a. Evolutionary psychologists would most likely attribute Jack's motivation to, Evolutionary psychologists are most likely to be criticized for, Evolutionary psychology would probably have the most difficulty accounting for, c. differences in the sexual behavior patterns of Americans and Russians, Twin studies are of most direct concern to. Alternately, only one partner at any one time (serial monogamy) as compared to the various forms of non-monogamy (e.g., polygamy or polyamory).The term is also applied to the social behavior of some animals, referring to the state of . Gina has worked as a human resources specialist for several years, but she doesn't really like the job. b. He felt very uncomfortable about having done this until he convinced himself that copying answers is not wrong if classmates are careless enough to expose their test sheets. c.)seek healthy-looking mates. Even though they were removed when he was 5, his lack of visual experiences during early childhood makes it likely that he has experienced. Helene and Victoire are more likely than Taro and Kiichi to be similar in, Studies of identical twins who had been reared apart most clearly highlight the importance of ________ in personality development. b. personal happiness. Evolutionary psychologists are most likely to emphasize that human adaptiveness to a variety of different environments has contributed to human reproductive success Migdalia insists on wearing very feminine-looking outfits because she wants to be treated like a woman. In terms of Freud's theory of personality, Mary's memories are stored at the _____ level of awareness. Credit: Natterson-Horowitz et al. b. To help Monica overcome her nearly irresistible craving for chocolate, a therapist provides her with a supply of chocolate candies that contain solidified droplets of a harmless but very bitter-tasting substance. Gina's chronic case of "the blues" is characteristic of the psychological disorder called: )antisocial a. c.)linkage analysis. Page 1 c. None. b. c.)Amy effectively cope with a seasonal pattern for major depressive disorder. d.)3:1. c.)EMDR What do psychologists who study evolution search for? According to _____________, by altering your behavior you stand a good chance of changing your attitude. a. A researcher who assesses the heritability of intelligence is most likely a(n): Compared to identical twins, fraternal twins are ________ likely to be the same sex and ________ likely to be similar in extraversion. c.)pineal gland )an eclectic approach. Dec. 31. )light exposure therapy. See Page 1. a. Alex Murdaugh, sentenced to life in prison after conviction in double murder trial, during his sentencing at the Colleton County Courthouse in Walterboro, S.C . d.)projective, According to Freud, this part of the personality represents internalized ideals and provides standards for judgment and for future aspirations. Therefore, variations in cognition and behavior would make individuals more or less successful in reproducing and passing those genes to their offspring. For instance, evolutionary psychologists hypothesize that men may be more prone to casual sex because it benefits their ability to pass on genes. b. Last week Tate went into the hospital for a painful medical procedure. c.)catatonia b. d.)client-centered. a. c. Evolutionary psychology (EP) is a theoretical perspective that applies evolutionary principles to the study of human behavior. c.)Psychotherapy B. sexual anatomy. )Rogers' client-centered therapy. Incorrect natural selection. c.)inappropriate emotions. A behavior geneticist would be most interested in studying hereditary influences on A) skin color. b. This study investigated singles' similarity preferences concerning their ideal partner's personality traits, physical attractiveness, and social resources, as well as potential moderators (fear of being single and mate value) and mediators (forecasted satisfaction). If Nadine wants to gain insight into current issues, rather than delve into the past, she should try to find a therapist who specializes in: association areas, The home environment most clearly has a greater influence on children's ________ than on their ________. c. d.)eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR). )electroconvulsive therapy (ECT). 5 min read. c.)20 percent. )the mere exposure effect. b. e. d.)borderline. Historically there have been a variety of models used to explain psychological disorders. b. )less curiosity about their environment.
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