It is our goal to keep this database as up to date as possible, which includes occasionally removing companies that are no longer active. The agency has also speculated that a space elevator (requiring 15 years to construct) would lower this cost even further, to just a few dollars per kilogram. Comparing Costs for Space Launch Vehicles. The figures provided here, adjusted for inflation, are for U.S. launch vehicles delivering 1 kg (2.2 lb) into low Earth orbit (LEO). Just add F9, and FH to the chart, if you want operational and proven rockets. Neglect the cost of the extension cord. That doesnt mean its getting the same cost savings enjoyed by commercial clients, however. The Falcon Heavy rocket, with reusable side boosters, costs $90 million. Whats striking is that SpaceX is the only rocket company thus far to appreciably drop the cost of launch by over an order of magnitude. Additionally, two rockets exploded on the launch pad, one in 2012 and one in 2019. "The Great Escape: SLS Provides Power for Missions to the Moon". We also hosted a lively webinar on the topic, summarized here.) Launching a rocket from the equator can minimize the necessary fuel by taking advantage of the Earth's rotation, thereby lowering the launch costs by a significant margin. The Saturn V made 13 launches, 12 of which reached the correct orbits, and the other (, There are many different methods. It is able to place about 2300 kg in a reference 700 km-polar orbit. In addition to being an avid blogger, Michael is particularly Keeping in mind that hydrogen is quite expensive than these two, a typical rocket with 1000 rocket propellant of fuel and oxygen is likely to cost about $100,000. (If you missed it last week, my partner Christie had an amazing post on Orbital Debris. This tool helps you do just that. Sometimes the government pays even more. On top of all those design considerations, many doubted the lower cost projections for reusable rockets were real. Among the 10 most-launched rockets, the most affordable on a per-kilogram basis are SpaceX 's Falcon 9 and Roscosmos ' Proton M, both able to lift 20,000 kilograms (44,092 pounds) or more,. Not including Orion, that's another billion. It has been determined that a sufficiently long cannon could be used to launch acceleration-resistant payloads into space, but no country has yet tried to build one, though a few companies are trying. NUMBER OF ENGINES. if we look at the price of comparable launch systems, we can see that in terms of kg delivered to LEO, the Falcon 9 is pretty good. This inflection point will open up the investment opportunities to fund the technologies that move our species forward while preserving our precious home. Of those, 32 launches were American and 26 belonged to SpaceX's Falcon 9 . After subtracting the amount of European Space Agency subsidies to Arianespace, the per . Assuming that rocket fuel costs approximately $100 -$120 per ton whereas Oxygen also costs about $100- $120 per ton. It's fully reusable, but ends up being relatively expensive to make, and requires somewhat regular refurbishment. Launch cost per kilogram to LEO versus first launch date. Expensive custom milled components. Page updated Google Sites Report abuse Backing breakthrough scientific inventions transforming billions of lives. They are technically correct, but one of the real goals of the program was demonstrating a quick turn-around-time and aircraft-like operability. The key innovation that enabled the space shuttle to be reusable was also the reason it was so complex to maintain. The Future of Space Flight To be fair, the Delta Clipper was a hopper vehicle to demonstrate feasibility for reusable vertical landing rockets it did not reach altitudes or speeds anywhere near those of launch and re-entry. The critical cost inflection point was nailing the technology for vertical landing of the rocket. If youd like to search within a specific column, use the search box at the bottom of that column. This comparison of orbital launch systems lists the attributes of all individual rocket configurations designed to reach orbit. How were they able to make an affordable reusable launch vehicle? They charge on the order of $60/month. Each company has been assigned an SFR rating based on our analysis, publicly available data, and expert insights. And instead of developing the Merlin engines from clean-sheet, SpaceX leveraged an existing NASA design: the Fastrac engine. positioned according to the vehicle's estimated flyaway cost per But it did fire its rocket engines many times without maintenance and it demonstrated the controls algorithms necessary for vertical landing. Using a more capable rocket would be overkill even if the theoretical price per kilogram cost is cheaper on a larger rocket: for a 200 kg small sat a $5 million small sat launch is cheaper than a $50 million dedicated Falcon 9 flight. In 2017, the addition of a small third stage enabled orbital launches of ultra-light. Losing one satellite would be devastating for national security capabilities. In contrast, it costs some $170 million (150 million) to launch a commercial satellite on an Ariane 5. The NASA average estimates are based on an audit of the CRS-1 International Space Station Resupply Contract awarded to SpaceX, which covers 20 missions for a total payment of more than $3 billion, or an average of $152 million per launch. That means their user price is about $0.20/GB (although they only start enforcing a cap. Two decades ago, vigorous discussion abounded regarding the performance hit of designing for reusability, canceling any cost benefits. Its only got to hot fire 4 times in its life! "NASA's goal is to reduce the cost of getting to space to hundreds of dollars per pound within 25 years and tens of dollars per pound within 40 years. Last updated: 1st September 2018. Below is a detailed database of over 100 launch companies from all over the world. This is a transformative change for humanity be because it makes access to space cheap and relatively easy. A rocket, satellite, and spacecraft manufacturing company. Michael is a longtime AllTheScience contributor who specializes in topics relating to paleontology, Existing rockets cost tens to hundreds of millions of dollars per launch (the Saturn V may have cost over $1bn in today . When it comes to reliability, ULA has hit it out of the park the Atlas V is the only rocket ever manufactured to boast a 100% mission success rate. The N1 rocket was initially designed for 75 t LEO capacity and launch attempts were made with this version, but there were studies to increase the payload capacity to 9095 t, if a liquid-hydrogen upper stage engine could be developed. Please check back frequently to view new sub-sector databases, andsign up to receive our emailsto be notified of each new release. In theory, the launch cost for each pound of Startram payload could be as low as $44 per kg. 12 These companies and others kilogram of payload to low Earth orbit (LEO). Within the Transportation sector, other sub-sectors include In-Space Transportation (tugs, in-space propulsion systems, custom 3rd stages, fuel depots, etc. Reusable rockets emerging victorious in the great debate on cost was not always a foregone conclusion. Have we missed your company? (Military launches cost more.) Suborbital test flight in 2004, without Fregat upper stage. From extremely expensive (200 000$/kg) for one way scientific missions, to a more recent estimate of 130$/kg for the SpaceX Mars plans, and even less for future transportation systems (link). The company charges $62 million for a standard commercial Falcon 9 launch with a new booster, so the first mission results in about $12 million in profit. No, both $ numbers are internal costs, SLS is not for sale, it's owned by NASA and the cost # is what NASA has to pay to launch it, so it's entirely appropriate to compare it to what SpaceX has to pay to launch a Starship. The agency has also speculated that a space elevator (requiring 15 years to construct) would lower this cost even further, to just a few dollars per kilogram. With the RLV, ISRO is expecting to bring down the cost per launch from the current $5,000 (about Rs 3.33 lakh) per kg to $500 (Rs 33,305) per kg of payload charged to customers. Is further launch cost reduction worth sitting in a holding pattern for many months while enough ride-share partners join? As with auto purchases, most launch customers negotiate "sticker price" discounts of anywhere from 10 to 15 percent, according to one expert. At the other end of the industrys payload spectrum, companies are working to achieve economies of scale with heavier rockets. Choosing a Launch Vehicle Cost per kilogram to orbit is one means of comparing launch vehicles. Examples of Space for Earth include things like DirecTV, GPS navigation, and weather satellites. I wouldnt bet much on SLS flying at all at this point. Space Launch System launch cost to LEO: $200,000,000/140,000 kg = 14,286 $/kg Starship's fuel alone probably costs $200,000 let alone anything else. The rocket's two stages stand 57 feet tall (15 meters) on the launchpad, and it can take payloads of up to 500 lbs. The Ariane 5 is to be succeeded by the Ariane 6 in 2020 or 2021. double flywheel of technology development. Developing PROTEUS, an innovative hybrid and autonomous launcher for small sats, Providing launch services via HABs and sounding rockets, Long range heavy lift aircraft horizontal launches, Developing Infinity, a small reusable rocket, Developing high-performance, low carbon micro launch vehicles, Developing electromagnetic launch systems to change how we launch payloads into space, Developing a proposed "railway" to space that is safer, cheaper, and greener than rockets, Building a ballooning platform to offer novel access to the mesosphere, Aiming to provide affordable space tourism and rocket launch services, Dedicated to providing frequent and reliable space access, Disrupting space launch with a new kinetic launch system, Vertically launching low-cost orbital payloads from the UK, Designer of low-weight, low-cost satellites and small launching vehicles, SpaceBox is a suborbital launch and recovery platform designed to enable affordable access to space for educational, professional, consumer and hobbyist payloads, Making access to space widely available, less constrained and more efficient, Developing technology for cost effective, reliable, and frequent access to space, Developing the Otis electric vehicle for civil space transportation, Developing a solution for quick missions to LEO, Designing a single stage to orbit hypersonic vehicle of revolutionary design and propulsion capability, Building a single-stage to orbit launch system dedicated to small payloads, Developing an eco friendly, electromagnetic space launch system, Developing the Cheetah small launch vehicle, Aiming to provide orbital launches of small satellites for the most affordable prices, Rocketsan is developing a micro-satellite launch system for the Turkish government, Developing a reusable launch vehicle named Tianmeng, Working on a very low-cost Launcher to LEO, Building low cost, single stage and highly reusable launch vehicles, Customized launch services for sub-orbital and orbital payloads, Launching small satellites into space using high altitude balloons, Creating a dedicated, reusable, and low-cost suborbital rocket, Developing the UKs first commercially operated horizontal launch company for small to medium size satellites, Developing a hybrid, modular, affordable & air-launched rocket system that uses electric landing for reusability, Developing SOL ASPIRET, a suborbital spaceplane, Bringing about the next generation of low-cost, reusable launch vehicles, Developing a balloon-launched vehicle for smallsat payloads, Developing a unique seaborne launch system, Personalized engineering support and dedicated airborne orbital launch platform, Ultra low-cost rockets and satellite deployment, Revolutionizing near space tourism and opening it to a greater audience, Developing a reliable tow-glider launch system, Affordable and reliable small satellite launch system for LEO, SSO, and GEO missions, Developing a fleet of hybrid rockets for micro launch, Aiming to innovate space exploration technologies to deliver efficient and cost effective solutions for humanity, Developing single stage to orbit, fixed wing, hypersonic aircraft, Creating the small-sat launch vehicle of the future, Building light, two-stage rockets for small satellite launch, Cheaper access to space for nanosatellite payloads, Developing a novel, reusable hypersonic and space launch system, Developing exciting new space technologies, Developing a three-stage solid-propellant launch vehicle, Developing a reusable two-stage orbital-class launch vehicle, Striving to design, build, and launch rockets, in and from Canada, Developing the Phoenix small launch vehicle, Developing the Trans-Atmospheric Flight Vehicle (TAV 1), Hypersonic Delivery Systems: Suborbital & Orbital Missions, Developing suborbital and orbital launch vehicles, Developing a series of Launch Vehicles based on high-altitude air launch, Building a hypersonic space plane that can takeoff from anywhere in any weather, Developing the Space Jet air-launch platform, Developing a unique launch vehicle and propulsion system, Building a space launch system for sending hardened satellites and bulk cargo into space, Designing the Montenegro nanolauncher for launches at a very competitive price, The Dynamics Enhanced Launch Vehicle is designed for a life of over 400 reuses with very minimal maintenance and rapid turnarounds, Single Stage to Orbit (SSTO) rocket leveraging aerospike engine technology launching to low earth orbit, Providing rapid response small satellite launch vehicles for government and commercial customers, Provding dedicated launch services for cube and nanosatellites, Developing the Horizontal Takeoff Horizontal Landing (HTHL) AstroClipper for the future of commercial space transportation, Developing the Advanced Cryognic Expendable (ACE) launch vehicle, Developing a next generation of reusable launch vehicles for microgravity research. Last year, globally, there were 114 total rocket launches [per BryceTech's 2020 Orbital Launch Year in Review report]. Starship does the opposite, it drops operational costs to almost just the cost of fuel, and construction costs end up being almost nothing in comparison. An investigation of the performance potential of a liquid oxygen expander cycle rocket engine, by Dylan Thomas Stapp, Article from 2006: "A Falcon 1 launch costs US$6.7 million for up to 570 kilogrammes of payload delivered to orbit." Comcast per-month average user data usage is about 300GB/month. If the average person weighs 62 kg, itd be just $806 to transport just their body weight alone, not including other factors of course, but thats still really cheap for space flight. You can also print the table. But the project (called Avatar), is expected to take another nine years to complete. Launch Vehicles Capability Comparison: ISRO: As we previously described, . For a suborbital trip on Virgin Galactic's SpaceShipTwo and Blue Origin's New Shepard, seats typically cost $250,000 to $500,000. For the simple list of all conventional launcher families, see: Comparison of orbital launchers families. Spacecraft propulsion[note 1] is any method used to accelerate spacecraft and artificial satellites. We believe the next decade will catalyze the tipping point to grow the Space for Space economy beyond the realm of governments and science missions. We begin with a sub-sector of the Transportation sector, specifically transportation between Earth and Space, commonly referred to as the launch industry. Falcon 9 NAFCOM Updated Cost Estimate Comparison Updated (Cost Plus Fee Vs. Firm Fixed Price) Firm Fixed Price Acquisition Cost Plus Fee Acquisition Weight DDT&E 2 Test Flt Units Total DDT&E 2 Test Flt Units Total Elements (()lbs) (FY2010 $$)M) (FY2010 $$)M) (FY2010 $$)M) (FY2010 $$)M) (FY2010 $$)M) (FY2010 $$)M) A Falcon Heavy launch vehicle from SpaceX. The first reusable rocket was the space shuttle. ". (227 kilograms) during each mission. If Musk's marginal cost figures are at least somewhat correct, SpaceX's cost to a launch a newly built Falcon 9 is about $50 million. Retrieved 16 November 2022. Public Domain This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain. However, SpaceX has stated that these numbers include a 30% margin to accommodate re-usability. Amazon, with $55.4 billion on hand, is the only large tech player with an announced constellation, but Facebook ($54.9 billion) has reportedly filed preliminary LEO-satellite plans through a proxy. Data & trends Beyond just the companies offering humans a ride, the tourism infrastructure is expanding. Such an approach would also require acceleration-resistant payloads, as the accelerations on the payload would be in the range of thousands of gravities. The reduced cost of launch coupled with the improvements in compact satellite design (eg electronics size and power reductions benefitting from Moores law) are giving rise to low-earth orbit (LEO) satellite mega-constellations, the largest market segment in the near-term Space for Earth economy at $22.5B and growing (per Quilty Analytics report on Emerging Technologies for DIU). Where in the space economy ecosystem does one draw the line to think about Space for Space? Lets unpack that statement a little. Launch costs range from approximately $5000 per kg to LEO to $30,000 per kg to GEO. It will be true, because it 'must' become true for us to colonize Mars. The Hydrogen Shot establishes a framework and foundation for clean hydrogen deployment in the American Jobs Plan, which includes support for demonstration projects. b. These innovations for very small and very large payload vehicles have led to lower costs for the launch industry as a whole. In March 2022, it emerged it could cost up . The NASA average payload is across the 13 missions completed through 2017. So what does it cost SpaceX to launch a Falcon 9? Bold of you to assume SLS will ever launch. Will an automated inspection solution be enough to increase its launch cadence? However, before being judgmental and dismissive, one must look at what ISRO has achieved with its shoestring budget. The rapidly decreasing cost of launch over the past decade largely stems from the decision of Elon Musk's Space Exploration Technologies (SpaceX) to develop a vertically integrated vehicle production line that was more reliable, adaptable, and efficient. OIG begins its estimate with the total NASA has awarded SpaceX and Boeing since 2014, rounding it to $2.5 billion for the former and $4.3 billion for the latter. People are more expensive since they demand annoy things like "breathable air" and what not. Interviews SpaceFund is interested in a number of sectors of the space economy, specifically Transportation, Communication, Human Factors, Supplies, and Energy. Continue with Recommended Cookies, Launch costs to low Earth orbit, 1980-2100. SALE. Orbit: NASA's Space-Shuttle Program Endsif(typeof ez_ad_units != 'undefined'){ez_ad_units.push([[250,250],'futuretimeline_net-banner-1','ezslot_2',116,'0','0'])};__ez_fad_position('div-gpt-ad-futuretimeline_net-banner-1-0'); Comparison of orbital launch systems Wikipedia, Much Lower Launch Costs Make Resupply Cheaper Than Recycling for Space Life Support, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Falcon_Heavy, Article from 2000, discussing the potential for 2040: NASA continues the trend to larger vehicles with its proposed newest member in the heavy-lift launch family, the Space Launch System (SLS) Block 2 vehicle. physics, biology, astronomy, chemistry, and futurism. In the case where a single company has more than one launch vehicle, the data listed is for their largest vehicle. This plan is a few years down the line, as NASA is gearing up to test the inflatable heat shield in 2022. Whether its a U.S.-based GPS company hiring SpaceX to launch satellites or European scientists piggybacking experiments on an Arianespace rocket, the true cost is ultimately negotiated based on the payload, launch site (closer to the equator is better), launch angle, and other factors. This comparison of orbital launch systems lists the attributes of all individual rocket configurations designed to reach orbit. To our knowledge, this is the first such comprehensive database of launch companies to provide thorough, unbiased, and detailed information in a fully interactive and downloadable format, for public consumption. The first Energy Earthshot, launched June 7, 2021Hydrogen Shotseeks to reduce the cost of clean hydrogen by 80% to $1 per 1 kilogram in 1 decade ("1 1 1"). Traditionally, access to space has been extremely expensive. It's all hypothetical right now, but we can imagine a few different scenarios for starship, going from worst case up: It doesn't work: There's some fundamental flaw in the design, maybe they can get it flying, but full reusability never happens without a full redesign. It's like operating a current day air transport business like fedex. By accepting all cookies, you agree to our use of cookies to deliver and maintain our services and site, improve the quality of Reddit, personalize Reddit content and advertising, and measure the effectiveness of advertising. But launch services aren't produce, and the conventional way of assessing launch costs on a dollars-per-kilogram basis isn't a good measure of the cost of launch. The aim is to double the number of rocket launches per year. Nanotechnology Polls Falcon 9 generates more than 1.7 million pounds of thrust at sea level. They hit their design goals, but flights remain relatively low, like hundreds of flights per year instead of thousands. And still, as a species these are rookie numbers. Reduced launch prices have opened the New Space frontier of proliferated LEO small satellite mega-constellations that provide Space for Earth services. While the Atlas V was used to resupply the International Space Station as recently as last year, increased competition has also led NASA to use the Antares rocket from Orbital ATK, SpaceXs Falcon 9, and Russian-built Soyuz rockets, as well. For the list of predominantly solid-fueled orbital launch systems, see: Comparison of solid-fueled orbital launch systems. This comparison shows the huge technological gap between them. A suborbital test flight was conducted in May 2018. Reduced to 3,500 kg if the first stage returns to the launch site (RTLS). It can lift a 200 kg payload to a 500 km altitude (under 1000 km is considered Low Earth Orbit) or 300 kg payload to lower orbits. It was never designed or intended to be used as a LEO vehicle. A more fair comparison will be available in a few years once both have flown payloads to orbit operationally and when SpaceX has released charges for its launch services on Starship. SpaceX charges civil customers a highly competitive US$62 million for such a mission. SpaceX: . Home & Leisure Imagine the missions you could assemble in low earth orbit. Approximately fifteen years ago this great debate manifested itself into one partnership (United Launch Alliance) born to service one government program (Evolved Expendable Launch Vehicle) vs. one scrappy startup (SpaceX). That is not too far off the Greason-Bennett mature-market guess of $42,720. Is the listed data inaccurate or outdated? This is much less likely now than it was even a year ago though, It only works about as well as F9. Falcon 9's first stage incorporates nine Merlin engines and aluminum-lithium alloy tanks containing liquid oxygen and rocket-grade kerosene (RP-1) propellant. It's getting there, and staying. On this Wikipedia the language links are at the top of the page across from the article title. menu. Many of the tiles had a unique geometry, and all were distinctly numbered. A unit price shows how much the product costs using a standard unit of measurement. All other columns in the table will also sort alphabetically. Aerospace professionals were skeptical of SpaceXs cost numbers because the only reusable launch vehicle they had data for was the space shuttle as seen in the chart below, reusable rockets werent always cheap! After the announcement of the eight per cent . It also uses only around $1 per kg on launch energy - significantly less than a traditional rocket launch, and can be operated at high-frequency, with over 10 launches per day. A prior version of the SS-520 flew twice as a suborbital sounding rocket in 1998 and 2000. [note 2] Orbital launch systems are rockets and other systems capable of placing payloads into or beyond Earth orbit. The first medieval rockets were solid-fuel rockets powered by gunpowder; they were used by the Chinese, Indians, Mongols and Arabs, in warfare as early as the 13th century. Important Disclaimer (*): an asterisk (*) indicates that the company is a SpaceFund portfolio company. Computers & the Internet This probably drops launch prices in to the $500-$1,000/kg range, maybe lower as operations and infrastructure get more efficient? The operational costs of dismantling the engines for check-out, combined with the detailed thermal protection system maintenance and repair, meant the fastest turn-around-time between launches for the Space Shuttle was ~3 months. A similar concept, a launch loop, would accelerate a payload using powerful magnets to escape velocity, then launch it upwards. Methodology: The LEO payload and cost-per-launch estimates shown in the first graphic represent the lower end of any ranges provided in the FAA's "The Annual Compendium of Commercial Space Transportation: 2018." Humankind has been flinging scientific equipment, satellites, and even living things (including the occasional astronaut) into orbit for more than 50 years, often for eye-watering sums of money that only governments could afford. Saturday's SpaceX launch finally removed NASA's dependence on Russia to get its astronauts into . The cost of launching a satellite varies depending on the satellite mass, the orbital altitude, and the orbital inclination of the final satellite orbit. Jiang Jie, a rocket scientist with the rocket's developer, the. Using a new range of payload carriers, Vega-C will be able to accommodate a mix of cargo shapes and sizes, ranging from CubeSats as small as one kilogram up to a single large payload. So far, the average costs of launching cargo remain on par with the space shuttle at about $30,000 per lb. Photo credit: Space-X Transporter-1 mission (SXRS-3) lifts off in January 2021. Typical launch costs today are $10,000 US Dollars (USD) to $25,000 USD per kilogram ($4,500 to $11,000 USD per pound), though some countries subsidize space launches, occasionally reducing cost as low as $4,000 USD per kilogram ($1,800 USD per pound). Audacious & Outrageous: Space Elevators, 2017 Official SpaceX Photos (Bangabandhu Satellite-1 Mission) [CC0 or CC0], via Wikimedia Commons. Due to the nature of this table format, and to ensure that the columns sort properly, a numeric character must be included in each cell. When the space shuttle was in operation, it could launch a payload . The last one is where you get the $13/kg number, but it doesn't really matter if it's $10 or $20 or $30. Reddit and its partners use cookies and similar technologies to provide you with a better experience. The cost depends on the rocket, and on the percent capacity of said rocket, but here's a few numbers for you, cost in U.S. dollars/kg to LEO ( Wikipedia *). We believe the next decade will contain the launch technology tipping point to grow the Space for Space economy beyond the realm of governments and science missions. (Hot fire is the vernacular for lighting a rocket engine combustor. However, prices continue to fall with each passing decade as new technologies are developed and the sector becomes more commercialised. ULA had a monopoly on U.S. military space launches for more than a decadeuntil 2016, when SpaceX won an Air Force contract. For example, the propulsion had a requirement of a 50 mission life, yet the original Rocketdyne engines were replaced every one to two missions due to issues with the turbopumps. Thats to say nothing of the fuel used to decelerate a returning booster that would have otherwise been used to reach a higher orbit (or carry more payload). Some examples of standard units are: Beef: price per kilogram Similar to Zhuque-1 launch four years ago", "5 Indian space startups to watch in 2023", "Russian space corporation unveils planned "Amur" rocketand it looks familiar", "Northrop Grumman Teams with Firefly Aerospace to Develop Antares Rocket Upgrade and New Medium Launch Vehicle", "Ariane 6 User's Manual Issue 1 Revision 0", "Bloostar Launch Vehicle Payload User's Guide", "Exclusive: Maritime Launch Services Selects Nova Scotia Site for Spaceport Over 13 Other Locations", "Precious Payload allies with Maritime Launch + adds Canada's 1st commercial spaceport to the Launch.ctrl marketplace for smallsat interests SatNews", "Gilmour Space announces first 'Caravan' rideshare mission to LEO", "JAXA Looks to Launch H3 Rocket on Maiden Flight by Q1 2023", "China to test large solid-fuel rocket engine", "China's super heavy rocket to construct space-based solar power station", "China to develop new series of carrier rockets: expert", "China reveals details for super-heavy-lift Long March 9 and reusable Long March 8 rockets", "China officially plans to move ahead with super-heavy Long March 9 rocket", "PLD Space, la ambicin de lanzar satlites con cohetes reutilizables", "Eutelsat first customer for Blue Origin's New Glenn", "Vulcan Centaur on schedule for first launch in 2022 as New Glenn slips", "China could become a major space power by 2050", "IRGC Launches Satellite Carrier into Space - Politics news", "GAPACTIC-ENERGY's another important goal is to develop the reusable kerosene fueled rocket PALLAS-1, which is now targeted in 2024 for first launch", "Orbex stakes claim to European smallsat launch market", "Meet Ravn Xa fully autonomous, air-launched rocket for small satellites", "German Launch Providers Isar Aerospace and RFA Eye Maiden Launches in 2023 Parabolic Arc", "Second stage static fire engine test moves Skyrora closer to UK launch | SKYRORA", "Preliminary design for Soyuz-5 races to completion", " "-5" 2024 ", "The Great Escape: SLS Provides Power for Missions to the Moon", "Lunar landing restored for Artemis 4 mission", "NASA's Space Launch System: A Capability for Deep Space Exploration", "Rocket Report: Starship flight test slips to 2023; first methane launch is imminent", "FAA delays completion of Starship environmental review", "Avio anticipating Vega C upgrade funding at ESA ministerial, Vega return to flight in March", "Skyroot Aerospace's Mission Prarambh: A closer look at India's first private rocket launch", "ULA Sets Path Forward for Inaugural Vulcan Flight Test", "Russia to launch super-heavy rocket to Moon in 20322035", "Russia charts new roadmap to super-heavy rocket", "Russia Is Now Working on a Super Heavy Rocket of Its Own", "Roscosmos unveils characteristics of super-heavy rockets for flights to the Moon (In Russian)", "Japan's Interstellar Technologies goes full throttle toward small orbital rocket", "LNG-powered rocket offers boost to Japan's private space industry", "Iran's New Space Rocket Could Double As A Nuclear Missile", "China is building a new rocket to fly its astronauts on the moon", "Final launch of Ariane 5 GS completes busy year / Launchers / Our Activities / ESA", NASA, Athena Mission Planners Guide 26 August 2012, "ULA launches two space surveillance satellites for U.S. Space Force", "Iridium satellites closed up for launch on Falcon 9 rocket", "Nissan Heritage Collection online", astronautix.com Kaituozhe-1, also called KY-1, Institute of Space and Astronautical Science (ISAS), astronautix.com, Long March 1, also called CZ-1, astronautix.com, Encyclopedia Astronautica, Molniya 8K78M, astronautix.com, Encyclopedia Astronautica, N-2, "NOTSNIK: The Navy's Secret Satellite Program", "A Small-Rocket Maker Is Running a Different Kind of Space Race", "Astra cancels Rocket 3 to focus on larger vehicle", "Landspace of China to launch first rocket in Q4 2018", "Chinese commercial provider LandSpace launches Weilai-1 on a Zhuque-1 rockets fails to make orbit", Timeline of first Earth observation satellites, R-7 (including Semyorka, Molniya, Vostok, Voskhod and Soyuz), Timeline of first images of Earth from space, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Comparison_of_orbital_launch_systems&oldid=1142437748, Articles with failed verification from March 2021, Articles with dead external links from August 2017, Articles with permanently dead external links, Short description is different from Wikidata, Articles with unsourced statements from October 2018, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0, This Template lists historical, current, and future space rockets that at least once attempted (but not necessarily succeeded in) an orbital launch or that are planned to attempt such a launch in the future, This page was last edited on 2 March 2023, at 10:50.
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